Oral bacteria may be tied to heart attack risk
A new study from Finland suggests that bacteria commonly found in the mouth may contribute to heart attacks. Researchers found oral bacteria in artery plaque, linking poor oral hygiene to heart disease. While more research is needed, experts stress the importance of dental care and early infection treatment in heart health.
Heart attacks remain to be the number one reason for deaths across the globe. A new study has found a possible link between these heart attacks and bacteria in the mouth. Researchers discovered that certain bacteria, usually found in the mouth, were also present in the plaque that blocks arteries in the heart. This has raised new concerns about the role of infections in heart disease.
According to the World Health Organization, about 19.8 million people died from heart diseases in 2022. Around 85% of these deaths were caused by heart attacks and strokes. While high cholesterol, smoking, and unhealthy lifestyle habits are well-known risk factors, this new research suggests that oral bacteria could also play a part.
The study was carried out by researchers at Tampere University in Finland. They examined plaque samples from 121 people who died suddenly from heart disease, and from 96 others who had surgery to remove artery blockages. They found that the most common bacteria in these plaques were from the Streptococcus viridans group. These bacteria are normally found in the mouth and are known to form dental plaque.
Dr. Pekka J. Karhunen, the lead researcher, told Medical News Today that these bacteria usually stay inside a protective layer called a biofilm. When the biofilm is stable, the bacteria do not cause harm. But when the biofilm becomes active, it can release bacteria that move into the bloodstream and reach the arteries. There, they may cause inflammation and damage the plaque, increasing the risk of a heart attack.
The idea that infections can cause heart problems is not new. Scientists had studied it in the past but stopped after antibiotic treatments failed to show clear results. However, with new technology, researchers can now detect even small amounts of bacterial DNA. This has helped them look at the issue again from a new angle.
Some doctors have advised caution. Dr. Brett A. Sealove said that Streptococcus viridans is not usually dangerous and is part of the body’s normal bacteria. But if it enters the bloodstream, it can cause serious infections. He said keeping good oral hygiene is important. Another cardiologist, Dr. Yu-Ming Ni, said more studies are needed before these bacteria can be confirmed as a direct cause of heart attacks.
Experts agree that prevention is key. Brushing and flossing regularly, visiting the dentist, and treating infections early can help reduce risks. Doctors also suggest staying up to date with vaccines for flu, COVID-19, and pneumonia, as these illnesses can also increase heart risks.